I am interested in careers software industry after a few years in a computational genetics PhD program. DevOps seems like a good fit because of my experience with a "Dockerized" distributed computing platform but I don't know where to start.
Kubernetes - Great platform for orchestrating containers, made my life a ton easier (Learn Docker and containers first)
Jenkins - Very powerful automation platform, great for setting up CI/CD pipelines
AWS - Good to get your feet wet in the public cloud space
Chef - Configuration management and infrastructure automation tool, you define how you want your workloads to look and it delivers
Terraform - Infrastructure as code, where Chef defines the configuration of an existing machine, terraform defines how that machine should be provisioned
In terms of core concepts, read up on CI/CD, Agile, and SDDC architecture.
AWS has an offering coming soon called EKS[0] however if you want to deploy a Kubernetes cluster to AWS sooner I would use kops[1]. however to under Kubernetes and to develop/deploy locally I would first try minikube[2] and get comfortable there before deploying into a cloud.